2014 BMW 328D

The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened PE21-021 on October 14, 2021, to investigate incidents alleging a stall/loss of motive power as a result of high-pressure fuel pump failures in certain model year (MY) 2019-2020 Ram 2500, 3500, 4500, and 5500 heavy duty trucks equipped with 6.7L Cummins turbodiesel engines. During the investigation, ODI sought to determine if the related defect allegation was limited in scope to the recalled population. After review of information request response materials from both FCA and BMW, NHTSA determined that sufficient information to identify a comprehensive recall population could not be produced by FCA and BMW.During the investigation FCA filed recalls 22V406, 22E048, 22V767, and 22E087 which include vehicles not identified in the initial subject population by ODI. ODI also received recall 21V586, involving loss of motive power due to failed CP4 fuel pumps on certain BMW manufactured vehicles. An information request letter response received from BMW indicated that failed pumps on their vehicles were caused by an interaction between pump internal components and US market diesel fuel, leading to increased slip and eventual particle-generating wear surface. Additional work will be done to identify whether a similar root cause is associated with the FCA recalled population and if similar wear dynamics occur on pumps supplied to vehicle manufacturers other than those included in the recalled population.ODI has upgraded this investigation to an EA in order to 1) determine engineering specifications of internal pump components that are correlated with pump failure leading to loss of motive power or other safety related hazards, 2) identify vehicle populations equipped with alleged defective pump variants, 3) assess if vehicles equipped with alleged defective pump variants result in an unreasonable risk to motor vehicle safety and 4) gather and review any other relevant information related to high pressure fuel pump failure associated with the subject populations of recalls 21V586, 21V880, 21E094, 22V406, 22E048, 22V767, and 22E087.Review of the above information will allow NHTSA to confirm root cause and recall remedy viability, and identify and evaluate vehicle populations equipped with pump components that may pose an unreasonable risk to motor vehicle safety.The ODI reports cited above can be reviewed at: http://www-odi.nhtsa.dot.gov/owners/SearchNHTSAID using the following complaint identification numbers: 11257550, 11351441, 11361603, 11361616, 11365300, 11365426, 11365858, 11366401, 11372337, 11373793, 11374797, 11376793, 11377871, 11378173, 11384377, 11386063, 11387018, 11399710, 11402550, 11415339, 11418868, 11418870, 11427075, 11434276, 11436807, 11437226, 11437249, 11437273, 11437292, 11437294, 11437394, 11437399, 11437403, 11437405, 11437423, 11437528, 11437565, 11437579, 11437580, 11437590, 11437679, 11437744, 11437781, 11437842, 11437993, 11438006, 11438008, 11438121, 11438138, 11438155, 11438392, 11438629, 11439359, 11439879, 11440397, 11443030, 11446542, 11448163, 11453556, 11458918, 11460558, 11469337

From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.

1.) The Bosch CP4 High-Pressure Fuel Pump (HPFP), OEM part number 13517824477 / 0445010517, failed catastrophically. This is the factory-installed pump on the 2014 BMW 328d equipped with the N47 diesel engine. Upon failure, the pump's internal cam and roller assembly disintegrated, releasing metal shavings throughout the entire fuel system — contaminating the fuel lines, injectors, fuel rail, and fuel tank. The vehicle will not start. The failed pump and contaminated fuel system components are available for inspection upon request. 2.) The vehicle experienced a sudden, complete loss of motive power with no prior warning, rendering it unable to start or operate. This type of failure — as documented in NHTSA Engineering Analysis EA23-001 — is known to also occur while the vehicle is in motion, causing unexpected engine stall at highway speeds with no ability to restart. This creates an immediate risk of rear-end collision, loss of vehicle control, and danger to other motorists. The failure provides no warning to the driver and cannot be prevented through normal maintenance practices. 3.) Yes. The high-pressure fuel pump failure and presence of metal shavings throughout the fuel system have been confirmed by a BMW authorized dealership. The dealer has documented the failure and provided a repair estimate for full fuel system replacement — including the HPFP, injectors, fuel lines, and tank cleaning — at an estimated cost of $10,000–$15,000. BMW of North America has declined warranty coverage citing that the vehicle has exceeded the 120,000-mile threshold under Recall 21V-586, despite this being the identical defect covered by that recall. 4.) Yes. The vehicle has been inspected by a independent BMW Specialist 5.) Check engine light was present

NHTSA ID

11737066

Incident

Mar 30, 2026

The fuel system has failed. The car shut off in the Baltimore harbor tunnel twice completely stopping traffic and creating a very hazard situation. One of those two times the semi truck behind me had to slam its brakes. When the car shuts off you must come to a complete stop and turn the car completely off. After restarting the car is in limp mode with reduced power. The incident has happened about 6 other times. Every time it happens I have feared my safety, especially if there is no shoulder to coast the car in to park. Independent service center has replaced three sensors related to fuel pressure system which did not fix. The vehicle and component has not been inspected by manufacture, police, insurance representatives or others. The manufacture claims there are no recalls on the fuel system of the vehicle. The vehicle has a rebuilt title from a small accident because no parts were available during covid so the insurance wrote the car off. The car was inspected by the state of North Carolina and deemed safe for the road. There is no indication that the car is going to shut off. It just cuts power and shuts off. After restarting the car, it will show a check engine light on the cluster and a drivetrain error on the infotainment screen . The error code p0087 Fuel/rail system Pressure - too low bank 1

NHTSA ID

11725764

Incident

Jun 6, 2025

Vehicle experienced sudden engine failure while driving due to timing chain failure on N47 diesel engine, a known defect. Loss of propulsion occurred without warning, creating a safety risk.

NHTSA ID

11717764

Incident

Feb 10, 2026

I am reporting an emissions-related malfunction that occurred a very short time after BMW performed the EGR cooler recall and updated the DDE software on my vehicle. Shortly after the recall work, the vehicle began showing DDE fault code 2BB300 – Particulate Sensor Measuring Electrode, Self-Diagnosis, which triggered the MIL. This issue did not exist at any point before the recall. Although my vehicle is now older than 10 years, the critical concern is that this emissions-related failure appeared soon after the recall intervention, indicating a potential recall-associated defect rather than normal age-related wear. The fault was diagnosed at BMW West Houston, where it was confirmed; however, I was told no warranty or goodwill support could be provided due to vehicle age, despite the timing suggesting a recall-related cause. BMW’s emissions warranty extension bulletin (NHTSA TSB ID: MC-10160282-9999) lists particulate sensor failures (2BB700–2BA200) as known issues. Many BMW diesel owners have reported similar particulate sensor faults shortly after the EGR cooler recall and related software changes, suggesting a broader pattern. If the EGR recall or subsequent software calibration is leading to particulate sensor failures and MIL activation, this may represent a post-recall emissions defect affecting compliance. I request that NHTSA evaluate whether the EGR recall may be contributing to widespread particulate sensor failures. Vehicle Information: – 2014 BMW Diesel – Fault Code: 2BB300 – Failure occurred a short time after the EGR cooler recall & software update – Diagnosed at: BMW West Houston Thank you for your attention.

NHTSA ID

11717151

Incident

Feb 9, 2026

The primary failure involves the EGR cooler system covered under Recall 21V-907, with consequential damage to the intake system, including intake air leaks, charge pipe failure, displaced turbo-to-DPF V-band clamp, brittle/cracked fuel lines, and intake system integrity loss. Yes — the vehicle and all affected components are available for inspection upon request The EGR cooler internal leak defect and intake system failures create risk of engine overheating, thermal degradation, loss of engine power under boost, exhaust gas leakage, and potential fire hazard, which can cause unsafe driving conditions and sudden loss of vehicle performance The vehicle was presented to a BMW dealership, and the recall defect was acknowledged. The dealer confirmed that any decisions regarding inspection and repair must come from BMW corporate. The dealership refused to inspect or evaluate the recall-related failures pending corporate authorization. No. BMW of North America has not authorized inspection or evaluation. The dealership also refused to inspect the vehicle pending corporate direction. Yes. Symptoms included audible air leaks, intake pressure loss under boost, performance degradation, and component failures occurring both before and after recall repair attempts. These symptoms developed during the period when the vehicle was operating under a known recall-defect condition and continued after recall repair.

NHTSA ID

11715249

Incident

Sep 13, 2025

The contact owns a 2014 BMW 328D. The contact stated that while driving at various speeds, the vehicle entered LIMP Mode with the message "Engine Malfunction" displayed on the instrument panel. The contact used a scanner and retrieved a DTC for the high-pressure fuel pump failure. Upon investigation, the contact discovered NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V586000 (Fuel System, Diesel); and associated the failure with the recall. The manufacturer was notified of the failure, and the contact was informed that the VIN was not included in the recall. The manufacturer referred the contact to the NHTSA Hotline to report the failure. The vehicle was not repaired. The failure mileage was approximately 86,000.

NHTSA ID

11710297

Incident

Dec 29, 2025

Mileage

86,000 mi

The contact owns a 2014 BMW 328D. The contact stated while driving 55 MPH, the vehicle lost motive power. There was no warning light illuminated. The vehicle was towed to the contact’s parents’ residence. The dealer was contacted; however, the vehicle was not diagnosed or repaired. The dealer also informed the contact that the VIN was not included in NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V586000 (Fuel System, Diesel); and referred the contact to the manufacturer for further assistance. The manufacturer was made aware of the failure and referred the contact to the NHTSA Hotline for further assistance. The approximate failure mileage was 91,000.

NHTSA ID

11702337

Incident

Dec 1, 2025

Mileage

91,000 mi

The contact owns a 2014 BMW 328D. The contact stated that while attempting to start the vehicle, the vehicle failed to start. No warning lights were illuminated. The vehicle was towed to the dealer, where it was diagnosed with a failed high-pressure fuel pump and assembly. The contact was informed that the high-pressure fuel pump and assembly needed to be replaced. The vehicle was not repaired. The contact referenced NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V586000 (Fuel System, Diesel); however, the VIN was not included in the recall. The manufacturer was made aware of the failure, and a case was filed. The contact stated that the case was denied because of the age of the vehicle. The contact was advised to contact the NHTSA Hotline to report the failure. The failure mileage was approximately 177,010.

NHTSA ID

11682947

Incident

Jan 15, 2025

Mileage

177,010 mi

N47/N57 DIESEL ENGINE EGR COOLER REVISED EXT LTD WTY(ELW) COVERAGE/PROCEDURE

The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Cooler limited warranty for defects in materials and / or workmanship has been extended to 25 years without mileage limit as determined from the original first in-service / delivery date.

The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Cooler limited warranty for defects in materials and / or workmanship has been extended to 25 years without mileage limit as determined from the original first in-service / delivery date.

The vehicle demonstrates a power loss and the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) on. The following fault codes may be stored in the DDE: 24CE00 Hot film air mass meter: Ratio of measured to calculated air mass too high 27F000 Charge air hose monitoring in idle: Charge air hose fallen down 290900 Air system, air to EGR air mass flow plausibility: Measured air mass compared to calculated air mass too high 290A00 Air system, air to EGR air mass flow plausibility: measured air mass compared to calculated air mass too high and high charging pressure control deviation

The basic conditions for initializing the power windows are not met.

The electrical system of BMW vehicles has been subject to an ongoing development process over the last few years. This has led to increased demands being placed on the battery. This document covers important information for the dealer on how to handle “discharged battery” complaints.